Vegetos
(An International Journal of Plant Research & Biotechnology)
Molecular characterization of cultivated and wild genotypes of brinjal (Solanum melongena L.) using microsatellite markers
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Thakare Vrunda S., Undirwade D. B., Khelurkar V. C., Moharil M. P., Ghawade S. M., Kulkarni U. S.
Research Articles | Published: 26 May, 2025
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Keywords: Genetic diversity, Microsatellite marker, Brinjal, Heterozygosity, EST-SSR
Abstract
Genetic diversity has a paramount role in crop improvement and provide plants with capacity to meet the demands of changing environments. Brinjal is one of the important vegetable crops in India and Asian countries, but the information on genetic diversity of brinjal genotypes and wild relatives is rather limited compared to other solanaceous crops. With this view, present experiment was carried out to assess the diversity and extent of genetic relatedness among 14 local cultivated brinjal genotypes and one wild relative (S. viarum) for development of potential variety. The selected brinjal genotypes were characterized using 22 microsatellite loci (12 Inter Simple Sequence Repeat (ISSR) and 10 Expressed Sequence Tag-derived-Simple Sequence Repeat (EST-SSR)), distributed uniformly throughout the genome. The dendrogram was constructed based on un-weighted pair group method with arithmetic mean (UPGMA) to determine marker based genetic relationship amongst the selected genotypes. Computation of data was performed using the program XLSTAT software (www.xlstat.com). These 22 microsatellite loci amplified total of 116 alleles among 15 genotypes including wild relative with one to seven allele per locus with an average of 3.72. Highest polymorphism information content (PIC value) was observed to be 0.70 for marker EM 114. The observed polymorphism percentage ranged from 50 to 100 per cent, and heterozygosity ranged from 0.1 to 0.9 was detected across the selected genotypes. Polymorphism information content (PIC) ranged from 0.01 to 0.59 with a mean of 0.4, indicating high level of polymorphism across the selected genotypes. Jaccard’s dissimilarity coefficients between the cultivars, ranged from 0.324 to 0.966 with an average of 0.741. Cluster analysis (UPGMA) separated the selected genotypes into seven sub-groups, wild relative in separate cluster. This indicates the possible sharing of common genomic regions occurring across the genotypes. Comparatively, higher number of alleles, high polymorphism percentage, PIC values and observed heterozygosity were detected among the local genotypes compared with wild relative indicating rich genetic diversity among them. In view of these results, the local cultivated genotypes had significant genetic diversity along with one wild relative and constitute interesting genotypes which become promising material for potential breeding program.
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Author Information
Department of Agricultural Entomology, PGI, Dr. PDKV Akola, Akola, India