Enhanced decolourisation and degradation of azo dyes using wild versus mutagenic improved bacterial strain: a review

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Review Articles | Published:

Print ISSN : 0970-4078.
Online ISSN : 2229-4473.
Website:www.vegetosindia.org
Pub Email: contact@vegetosindia.org
Doi: 10.1007/s42535-022-00496-y
First Page: 28
Last Page: 37
Views: 644


Keywords: Azo dyes, Bioremediation, Mutation, Textile effluent


Abstract


Rapid industrialization over the last few decades has greatly impacted the environment, as various industries release effluent (textile dyeing/printing) which contains copious amount of xenobiotic compound such as azo dyes, salts, organic pollutants, metals, etc. The recalcitrant azo dyes present in textile effluent cause great impact on biota thereby disturbing the integrity of ecosystem. The wastewater discharged into water bodies leads to decline in flora-fauna prevalence due to alteration of the physiochemical characteristics of water (increment in the BOD/COD). Although various physico-chemical methods used for effluent treatment are effective; but are often associated with secondary disposal problem due to the formation of concentrated toxic sludge and presence of toxicants. In recent years, microbial biodegradation has emerged as highly promising approach for textile effluent treatment of xenobiotic toxicants. The indigenous bacteria contain pool of oxidoreductive enzymes (viz. azoreductase, laccase, peroxidase, etc.) that utilize complex xenobiotic compounds of the dyestuffs as substrates and break them into non-toxic by-products. However, limited studies have been reported citing the enhancement in the dye degradation and detoxification efficacy of bacterial species by random mutagenesis approach for the efficient bioremediation of wide spectrum of pigments and dyes. The current review presents the untapped potential of mutagenic approach. It highlights the need by a comprehensive account on the exploration of physical (UV, gamma) and chemical (viz. ethidium bromide, ethyl methane sulfonate) mutagenic agents, respectively. These mutagens alter the genomic profile of the bacteria and facilitate them with higher biodegradation and detoxification efficacies by upregulating the production of oxidoreductive enzymes. The study narrates the prospective for utilization of the wild versus mutant approach consecutively for the mitigation of wide spectrum of azodyes/pigments based on experimental modulations. Review suggests recommendations for the development of novel mutant strains for effective bioremediation strategy as per the permissible compliance limits of pollution board. The approach will thereby able to deal with environmentally noxious pollutants turning one of the most polluted textile industry among the red list to green industry through translational technology.


Azo dyes, Bioremediation, Mutation, Textile effluent


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Acknowledgements


The authors are grateful to Professor Ina Aditya Shastri, Vice-Chancellor, Banasthali Vidyapith, Rajasthan for providing research facilities. The authors also give thanks to DST-CURIE for providing financial assistance in conducting our research work.


Author Information


Bhayana Tanya
Department of Bioscience and Biotechnology, Banasthali Vidyapith, Tonk, India

Saxena Ambika
Department of Bioscience and Biotechnology, Banasthali Vidyapith, Tonk, India


Gupta Sarika
Department of Bioscience and Biotechnology, Banasthali Vidyapith, Tonk, India

sarika.ashish@gmail.com
Dubey Ashish Kumar
Department of Botany, Agrawal P. G. College, Jaipur, India