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Keywords:
Ferns, n Sphaerostephanos arbusculan , UHPLC, LC–MS, Chemical constituents/profile, Biopotency
The chemical diversity among some pteridophytes of Western Ghats, India is reported. Comprehensive study on the chemical constituents is lacking in Sphaerostephanos arbuscula (Wild.) Holttum. In the present study, an attempt is made to reveal the individual metabolites of S. arbuscula chloroform extract using ultra high performance liquid chromatography and determine their biopotency. Metabolomics analysis was performed on an UHPLC equipped with an Acquity HSS t3 column connected to a quadrupole-time of flight mass spectrometer. The preliminary phytochemical analysis result of S. arbuscula chloroform extract displayed the occurrence of cardiac glycosides, flavonoids, tannins, polyphenols, terpenoids, alkaloids, steroids and saponins. The quantification of metabolites confirmed the existence of total phenols, tannins, sterols, flavonoids and triterpenoids. A total of 65 compounds were identified from S. arbuscula chloroform extract of which thirty six compounds showed varied biological properties. The free radical scavenging activity (DPPH/phosphomolybdenum reduction/ABTS) was exerted by chloroform extract of S. arbuscula. A dose dependent anti-inflammatory, α amylase inhibition activity and cytotoxicity were observed. 200 µg/mL of S. arbuscula chloroform extract showed 92.83% inhibition activity against the heat induced haemolysis. 25 µg/mL of chloroform extract of S. arbuscula showed 72.83% of α amylase inhibitory activity. Chloroform extract of S. arbuscula illustrated the mortality with LC50 17.20 mg/mL. Due to the existence of phenolics, tannins, flavonoids, triterpenoids, trolamine, phytosphingosine, C16 sphinganine, swietenine, lecanoric acid, purpurogallin and sibutramine, the chloroform extract of S. arbuscula displayed the biological activities. Further studies on the isolation and purification may bring out the biologically active compounds from S. arbuscula chloroform extract with antioxidant, anti-inflammatory, and antidiabetic potentials.
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