Prediction of heterotic combinations using correlation between genetic distance, heterosis and combining ability in yellow sarson (Brassica rapa var. yellow sarson Prain)

*Article not assigned to an issue yet


Research Articles | Published:

Print ISSN : 0970-4078.
Online ISSN : 2229-4473.
Website:www.vegetosindia.org
Pub Email: contact@vegetosindia.org
Doi: 10.1007/s42535-023-00711-4
First Page: 0
Last Page: 0
Views: 1009


Keywords: Yellow sarson, Multivariate analysis, Genetic distance, PCA, Heterosis, Combining ability


Abstract


Prediction of heterotic combinations from parental dissimilarity will improve the efficiency of heterosis breeding. This study was conducted to determine genetic divergence among 15 local germplasm lines of yellow sarson using 11 morphological traits and to study the correlation between parental genetic distance, combining ability and heterosis for the prediction of better heterotic combination. The 15 germplasm lines, 44 F1s (11 lines × 4 tester) along with check variety Pant Shweta were evaluated at Pantnagar, India. The principal component analysis revealed seven significant principal components accounting for 99.99% of the total variation. The Euclidean dissimilarity values ranged from 1.912 to 8.087 and genotypes were grouped into three clusters. Relationships between a group of five dissimilarity coefficients (usual Euclidean, mean Euclidean, Manhattan, range Manhattan and exponential range Manhattan) with heterosis, sum of parental combining ability (SGCA) and specific combining ability (SCA) were calculated using Pearson correlation coefficient. Standard heterosis for plant height and mid-parent heterosis for oil content and number of seed per silique have positive correlation with all dissimilarity coefficients. SGCA exhibited a positive correlation for plant height and silique density, while SCA did not associate significantly for any of the traits studied. Further, the correlation between combining ability and heterosis was also studied and strong significant correlation between combing ability and heterosis was observed for most of the traits studied. Owing to the strong correlation between SGCA and heterosis for most yield attributing trait, information of SGCA to predict heterosis appears to be a better method in Brassica rapa var. yellow sarson.


Yellow sarson, Multivariate analysis, Genetic distance, PCA, Heterosis, Combining ability


*Get Access

(*Only SPR Members can get full access. Click Here to Apply and get access)

Advertisement

References


Ahmad Z, Ajmal SU, Munir M, Zubair M, Masood MS (2008) Genetic diversity for morpho-genetic traits in barley germplasm. Pak J Bot 40(3):1217–1224


Ali M, Copeland LO, Elias SG, Kelly JD (1995) Relationship between genetic distance and heterosis for yield and morphological traits in winter canola (Brassica napus L.). Theor Appl Genet 91:118–121


Annual Report, Ministry of Agriculture and Farmer’s Welfare-2021. https://agricoop.nic.in/Documents/annual-report-2021-22.pdf. Accessed 21 Dec 2022


Arslanoglu F, Aytac S, Oner K (2011) Morphological characterization of the local potato (Solanum tuberosum L.) genotypes collected from the Eastern Black Sea region of Turkey. Afr J Biotechnol 10(6):922–932


Caldo RA, Sebastian LS, Hernandez JE (1996) Morphology-based genetic diversity analysis of ancestral lines of Philippine rice cultivars. Philipp J Crop Sci 21(3):86–92


Cress C (1966) Heterosis of the hybrid related to gene frequency differences between two populations. Genetics 53(2):269


Devi P, Singh NK (2011) Heterosis, molecular diversity, combining ability and their interrelationships in short duration maize (Zea mays L.) across the environments. Euphytica 178:71–81


Dhillon SS, Labana KS, Banga SK (1990) Studies on heterosis and combining ability in Indian mustard. J Res Punjab Agric Univ 27:1–8


D’Odorico P, Davis KF, Rosa L, Carr JA, Chiarelli D, Dell’Angelo J, Gephart J, MacDonald GK, Seekell DA, Suweis S, Rulli MC (2018) The global food-energy-water nexus. Rev Geophys 56(3):456–531


Falconer DS, Mackay TFC (1996) Introduction to quantitative genetics, 4th edn. Longmans Green, Harlow


Falk KC, Rakow G, Downey RK, Spurr DT (1994) Performance of inter-cultivar summer turnip rape hybrids in Saskatchewan. Can J Plant Sci 74(3):441–445


Geleta LF, Labuschagne MT, Viljoen CD (2004) Relationship between heterosis and genetic distance based on morphological traits and AFLP markers in pepper. Plant Breed 123(5):467–473


Grafius JE (1956) Components of yield in oats: a geometrical interpretation 1. Agron J 48(9):419–423


Gupta SK, Nepolean T, Shaikh CG, Rai K, Hash CT, Das RR, Rathore A (2018) Phenotypic and molecular diversity-based prediction of heterosis in pearl millet (Pennisetum glaucum L.(R.) Br.). Crop J 6(3):271–281


Hammer O, Harper DA, Ryan PD (2001) PAST: paleontological statistics software package for education and data analysis. Palaeontol Electron 4(1):9


Hayes HK, Immer FR, Smith DC (1955) Methods of plant breeding. Mc. Grow Hill Book Co., Inc., New York, p 555


Huang M, Chen LY, Chen ZQ (2015) Diallel analysis of combining ability and heterosis for yield and yield components in rice by using positive loci. Euphytica 205:37–50


Jannat A, Ishikawa-Ishiwata Y, Furuya J (2022) Does climate change affect rapeseed production in exporting and importing countries? Evidence from market dynamics syntheses. Sustainability 14(10):6051


Kaur G, Bansal P, Kaur B, Banga S (2007) Genetic diversity and its association with heterosis in Brassica rapa. In: Proceedings of the 12th International Rapeseed Congress, vol 2630, Science Press USA Inc., NJ, USA


Kawamura K, Kawanabe T, Shimizu M, Nagano AJ, Saeki N, Okazaki K, Kaji M, Dennis ES, Osabe K, Fujimoto R (2016) Genetic distance of inbred lines of Chinese cabbage and its relationship to heterosis. Plant Gene 5:1–7


Kempthorne O (1957) An introduction to genetic statistics. Wiley Publications, New York


Knaak C, Ecke W (1995) Genetic diversity and hybrid performance in European winter oilseed rape (Brassica napus L.). In: Proceedings of the 9th international rapeseed congress, vol 4, no 7.7. GCIRC, Cambridge, UK


Larièpe A, Moreau L, Laborde J, Bauland C, Mezmouk S, Décousset L, Mary-Hurad T, Fievet JB, Gallais A, Dubreuil P, Charcosset A (2017) General and specific combining abilities in a maize (Zea mays L.) test-cross hybrid panel: relative importance of population structure and genetic divergence between parents. Theor Appl Genet 130:403–417


Lefort-Buson M, Guillot-Lemoine B, Dattee Y (1986) Heterosis and genetic distance in rapeseed: (Brassica napus L.). Use of different indicators of genetic divergence in a 7 × 7 diallel. Agronomie 6:839–844


Makumbi D, Betrán JF, Bänziger M, Ribaut JM (2011) Combining ability, heterosis and genetic diversity in tropical maize (Zea mays L.) under stress and non-stress conditions. Euphytica 180:143–162


Moll RH, Lonnquist JH, Fortuno JV, Johnson EC (1965) The relationship of heterosis and genetic divergence in maize. Genetics 52(1):139


Ndhlela T, Herselman L, Semagn K, Magorokosho C, Mutimaamba C, Labuschagne MT (2015) Relationships between heterosis, genetic distances and specific combining ability among CIMMYT and Zimbabwe developed maize inbred lines under stress and optimal conditions. Euphytica 204:635–647


Patnaik MC, Murty BR (1978) Gene action and heterosis in brown sarson. Indian J Genet Plant Breed 38:119–125


Perrier X, Jacquemoud-Collet JP (2006) DARwin software. http://darwin.cirad.fr/


Pino Del Carpio D, Basnet RK, De Vos RC, Maliepaard C, Visser R, Bonnema G (2011) The patterns of population differentiation in a Brassica rapa core collection. Theor Appl Genet 122:1105–1118


Pradhan AK, Sodhi YS, Mukhopadhyay A, Pental D (1993) Heterosis breeding in Indian mustard (Brassica juncea L. Czern & Coss): analysis of component characters contributing to heterosis for yield. Euphytica 69:219–229


Qian W, Sass O, Meng J, Li M, Frauen M, Jung C (2007) Heterotic patterns in rapeseed (Brassica napus L.): I. Crosses between spring and Chinese semi-winter lines. Theor Appl Genet 115:27–34


Qian W, Li Q, Noack J, Sass O, Meng J, Frauen M, Jung C (2009) Heterotic patterns in rapeseed (Brassica napus L.): II. Crosses between European winter and Chinese semi‐winter lines. Plant Breed 128(5):466–470


Riaz A, Li G, Quresh Z, Swati MS, Quiros CF (2001) Genetic diversity of oilseed Brassica napus inbred lines based on sequence-related amplified polymorphism and its relation to hybrid performance. Plant Breed 120(5):411–415


Riday H, Brummer EC, Campbell TA, Luth D, Cazcarro PM (2003) Comparisons of genetic and morphological distance with heterosis between Medicago sativa subsp. sativa and subsp. falcata. Euphytica 131:37–45


Singh S, Dey SS, Bhatia R, Kumar R, Sharma K, Behera TK (2019) Heterosis and combining ability in cytoplasmic male sterile and doubled haploid based Brassica oleracea progenies and prediction of heterosis using microsatellites. PLoS One 14(8):e0210772


Singh S, Bhatia R, Kumar R, Das A, Ghemeray H, Behera TK, Dey SS (2021) Characterization and genetic analysis of OguCMS and doubled haploid based large genetic arsenal of Indian cauliflowers (Brassica oleracea var. botrytis L.) for morphological, reproductive and seed yield traits revealed their breeding potential. Genet Resour Crop Evol 68:1603–1623


Singh L, Nanjundan J, Sharma D, Singh KH, Parmar N, Jain R, Thakur AK (2022) Agro-morphological traits and SSR markers reveal genetic variations in germplasm accessions of Indian mustard—an industrially important oilseed crop. Heliyon 8(12):e12519


Snehi S, Bhajan R, Pant U, Singh NK (2019) Combining ability and heterosis analysis for yield and contributing traits in local germplasm of yellow sarson (Brassica rapa var. yellow sarson Prain). Int J Curr Microbiol Appl Sci 8(7):1120–1133


Solomon KF, Zeppa A, Mulugeta SD (2012) Combining ability, genetic diversity and heterosis in relation to F1 performance of tropically adapted shrunken (sh2) sweet corn lines. Plant Breed 131(3):430–436


Souza E, Sorrells ME (1991) Relationships among 70 North American oat germplasms: II. Cluster analysis using qualitative characters. Crop Sci 31(3):605–612


Su J, Zhang F, Yang X, Feng Y, Yang X, Wu Y, Guan Z, Fang W, Chen F (2017) Combining ability, heterosis, genetic distance and their intercorrelations for waterlogging tolerance traits in chrysanthemum. Euphytica 213:1–15


Teklewold A, Becker HC (2006) Comparison of phenotypic and molecular distances to predict heterosis and F1 performance in Ethiopian mustard (Brassica carinata A. Braun). Theor Appl Genet 112:752–759


Thakur AK, Singh KH, Singh L, Nanjundan J, Khan YJ, Singh D (2017) Patterns of subspecies genetic diversity among oilseed Brassica rapa as revealed by agro-morphological traits and SSR markers. J Plant Biochem Biotechnol 26:282–292


Tian HY, Channa SA, Hu SW (2017) Relationships between genetic distance, combining ability and heterosis in rapeseed (Brassica napus L.). Euphytica 213:1–11


Varshney SK, Rao CS (1997) Combining ability, heterosis and inbreeding depression for yield and yield components in yellow sarson. Indian J Genet Plant Breed 57(1):91–97


Verma NK, Singh B, Sachan JN (1989) Combining ability and heterosis in yellow sarson. J Oilseeds Res 6(1):32–40


Wegary D, Vivek B, Labuschagne M (2013) Association of parental genetic distance with heterosis and specific combining ability in quality protein maize. Euphytica 191:205–216


Whitehouse RNH (1969) An application of canonical analysis to plant breeding. No. REP-10935. CIMMYT


Yadav IS, Yadav TP, Kumar P, Thakural NK (1998) Heterosis for seed yield and its components in rapeseed under rainfed conditions. Crucif Newsl 20:79


Yadav RK, Gautam S, Palikhey E, Joshi BK, Ghimire KH, Gurung R, Adhikari AR, Pudasaini N, Dhakal R (2018) Agro-morphological diversity of Nepalese naked barley landraces. Agric Food Secur 7(1):1–12


Yoseph B, Botha AM, Myburg AA (2006) Genetic diversity in traditional Ethiopian highland maize accessions assessed by AFLP markers and morphological traits. Biol Conserv 15:2655–2671


Yu CY, Hu SW, Zhao HX, Guo AG, Sun GL (2005) Genetic distances revealed by morphological characters, isozymes, proteins and RAPD markers and their relationships with hybrid performance in oilseed rape (Brassica napus L.). Theor Appl Genet 110:511–518

 


Acknowledgements


The first author is thankful to the Indian Council of Agricultural Research (ICAR), MoA and FW, GoI for providing fellowship during the Master’s degree program. The authors are thankful to Dean, College of Agriculture, GBPU&AT, Pantnagar for providing the necessary facility to conduct this research.


Author Information


Snehi Sanchika
Department of Genetics and Plant Breeding, G.B. Pant University of Agriculture and Technology, Pantnagar, India