Vegetos
(An International Journal of Plant Research & Biotechnology)
(eISSN: 2229-4473)
Isolation and characterization of galactomannan from Sesbania seed and its inhibitory activity against α-amylase to explore its therapeutic ability
*Article not assigned to an issue yet
Research Articles | Published: 27 April, 2026
First Page: 0
Last Page: 0
Views: 71
Keywords: Sesbania, Polysaccharide, GC-FID, GM, NMR, Docking
Abstract
The purpose of this study to isolate galactomannan from endosperm of S. sesban (Linn.) and S. grandiflora (L.) Pers. seed and examine bioactivity of galactomannan to explore therapeutic potential through in-vitro/in-silico studies, two extensively grown but therapeutic potential yet not explored. The aim is to evaluate pharmacological potential by in-vitro and in-silico studies. GPC, GC-FID, FT-IR, 1H NMR, 13C NMR and HSQC were used to characterized GM and inhibitory activity against α-amylase. Average molecular weight and average molecular number were determined by GPC and found to be 3.42 × 105, and 2.68 × 105 of SS GM respectively while 2.48 × 105 and 1.14 × 105 of SG GM respectively. M/G ratio of SS and SG GM was determined through GC-FID which consists of D-mannopyranose and D-galactopyranose with a molar ratio of 1.6: 1 and 2.1: 1 respectively. Functional groups such as OH and CH2, anomeric α, β configuration and glycosidic linkages were validated by FT-IR. In-vitro α-amylase inhibitory activity of SG GM was found to be more in comparison to SS GM. Docking study revealed that GM is identified as most lead compound against α-amylase inhibitory activity. It showed maximum binding affinity (− 9.03 Kcal/mol) as acarbose (− 10.5 Kcal/mol). Thus, it has further scope to utilize as scaffold in drug design as antidiabetic agent. Hence, Sesbania galactomannan would be essential and beneficial for its future development and new possibilities for use in high value application.
References
AOAC (2002) Official methods of analysis, 15th edn. Association of official Analytical chemists, Washington
Cerqueira MA, Souza BW, Simões J, Teixeira JA, Domingues MR, Coimbra MA, Vicente AA (2011) Structural and thermal characterization of galactomannans from non-conventional sources. Carbohyd Polym 83:179–185. https://doi.org/10.1016/j.carbpol.2010.07.036
Cheng Y, Brown KM, Prud’homme RK (2002) Preparation and characterization of molecular weight fractions of guar galactomannans using enzymatic hydrolysis. Int J Biol Macromol 31:29–35. https://doi.org/10.1016/S0141-8130(02)00046-6
Cunha PL, Castro RR, Rocha FA, de Paula RC, Feitosa JP (2005) Low viscosity hydrogel of guar gum: preparation and physicochemical characterization. Inter J Biol Macromol 37:99–104
da Silva LM, Araújo LF, Alvez RC, Ono L, Sá DA, da Cunha PL, de Paula RC, Maciel JS (2020) Promising alternative gum: extraction, characterization, and oxidation of the galactomannan of Cassia fistula. Int J Biol Macromol 165:436–444
Devesa S, Graca MPF, Pereira WO, Santos GL, da Silva Neto JF, Amaral FMB, Hammami I, Mendes F, Macedo AAM (2024) Dielectric characterization of solutions of galactomannan extracted from Adenanthera pavonina L.: effects of purification and ethanol concentration. Polymers 16:1476
Feng L, Yin J, Nie S, Wan Y, Xie M (2018) Structure and conformation characterization of galactomannan from seeds of Cassia obtusifolia. Food Hydrocol 76:67–77. https://doi.org/10.1016/j.foodhyd.2017.06.008
Hamden K, Jaouadi B, Carreau S, Bejar S, Elfeki A (2010) Inhibitory effect of Fenugreek galactomannan on digestive enzymes related to diabetes, hyperlipidemia, and liver dysfunction. Biotechnol Bioprocess Eng 15:407–413
Hedge JE, Hofreiter BT (1962) In: Whistler RL, Be Miller JN (Eds) Carbohydrate chemistry 17 (Eds) Academic Press, New York
Kashef RKH, Hassan HMM, Afify AS, Ghabbour SI, Saleh NT (2008) Effect of Soybean galactomannan on the activities of á-Amylase, Trypsin, Lipase and starch digestion. JASR 4(12):1893–1897
Koocheki A, Herasinejad AM, Mozafar MR (2022) Lepidium perfoliatum seed gum: investigation of monosaccharide composition, antioxidant activity and rheological behavior in presence of salts. Chem Bio Tech Agric 9:61. https://doi.org/10.1186/s40538-022-00322-2
Li K, Cao YX, Jiao SM, Du GH, Du YG, Qin XM (2020) Structural characterization and immune activity screening of polysaccharides with different molecular weights from Astragali Radix. Front Pharmacol 11:582091
López-Franco L, Cervantes-Montaño CI, Martínez-Robinson KG, Lizardi-Mendoza J, Robles-Ozuna LE (2013) Physico-chemical characterization and functional properties ofgalactomannans from mesquite seeds (Prosopis spp.). Food Hydrocoll. https://doi.org/10.1016/j.food-hyd.2012.08.012
Niknam R, Mousavi M, Kiani H (2022) Comprehensive evaluation of emulsifying and foaming properties of Gleditsia caspica seed galactomannan as a new source of hydrocolloid: effect of extraction method. Food Hydrocoll 131:107758
Ragab TIM, Badawi KRM, Naeem MA, Helmy WA, Gamal Shalaby AS (2023) Enhancement of the quality attributes and health benefits symbiotic yoghurt from cow’s milk. Heliyon 9:e17330
Robinson G, Ross-Murphy SB, Morris ER (1982) Viscosity–molecular weight relationship, intrinsic chain flexibility and dynamic solution properties of guar galactomannan. Carbohydrate Res 107:17–32. https://doi.org/10.1016/S0008-6215(00)80772-7
Saptarshi S, Ghosh AK (2017) Pharmacological effects of Sesbania sesban Linn: an overview. Pharma Tutor 5:16–21
Sharma P, Sharma S, Ramakrishna G, Srivastava H, Gaikwad K (2021) A comprehensive review on leguminous galactomannans: Structural analysis, functional properties, biosynthesis process and industrial applications. Crit Rev Food Sci Nutr 62:443–465
Silva Neto JF, Pereira WO, Cavalcante LA, Oliveira Neto JG, Graca MPF, Gavinho SR, Amaral FMB, Santos AO, Sombra ASB, Mendes F et al (2023) Extraction, purification and electrical characterization of gross galactomannan and purified galactomannan obtained from Adenanthera pavonina L. seeds. Chem Biodivers 20:e202200888
Singh S, Kumar A, Srivastava M (2023) Chemical profile and in-vitro alpha-amylase inhibitory activity of Sesbania sesban and Sesbania grandiflora seed. Inter J Food Prop 26(1):428–436
Skoog D, West DM (1963) Fundamentals of analytical chemistry, 4th ed. Holt Rinehart and Winston, Philadelphia, p 880
Slaughter SL, Ellis PR, Jackson EC, Butterworth PJ (2002) The effect of guar galactomannan and water availability during hydrothermal processing on the hydrolysis of starch catalysed by pancreatic α-amylase. Biochim Biophys Acta 1571:55–63
Soltani MD, Meftahizadeh H, Barani M, Rahdar A, Hosseinikhah SM, Hatami M, Ghorbanpour M (2021) Guar (Cyamopsis tetragonoloba L.) plant gum: From biological applications to advanced nanomedicine. Int J Biol Macromol 193:1972–1985
Sun M, Sun Y, Li Y, Liu Y, Liang J, Zhang Z (2018) Physical properties and antidiabetic potential of a novel galactomannan from seeds of Gleditsia japonica var. delavayi. J Funct Foods 46:546–555
Tel-Çayan G, Muhammad A, Deveci E, Duru ME, Öztürk M (2020) Isolation, structural characterization, and biological activities of galactomannans from Rhizopogon luteolus and Ganoderma adspersum mushrooms. Int J Biol Macromol 165:2395–2403
Vieira ÍG, Mendes FN, Gallão MI, de Brito ES (2007) NMR study of galactomannans from the seeds of mesquite tree (Prosopis juliflora (Sw) DC). Food Chem 101:70–73. https://doi.org/10.1016/j.foodchem.2005.11.052
Vilaro P, Bennadji Z, Budelli E, Moyna G, Panizzolo L, Ferreira F (2018) Isolation and characterization of galactomannans from Prosopis affinis as potential gum substitutes. Food Hydrocoll 77:711–719
Wickmarante MN, Punchihewa J, Wickmarante M (2016) In-vitro inhibitory activity of α-amylase inhibitory activity of the leaf extract of Adenanthera pavonina. BMC Complement Altern Med 16(1):466. https://doi.org/10.1186/s12906-016-1452-y
Zhou M, Yang L, Yang S, Zhao F, Xu L, Yong Q (2018) Isolation, characterization and in vitro anticancer activity of an aqueous galactomannan from the seed of Sesbania cannabina. Int J Biol Macromol 113:1241–1247
Goswami S, Mishra K, Singh RP, Singh P, Singh P (2016) Sesbania sesban, a plant with diverse therapeutic benefits: An overview. J Pharma Res Edu 1;11
Deepthi K, Renjith P, Habeeb Rahman K, Chandra Mohan Kumar N (2024) A comprehensive review of Sesbania grandiflora (L.) Pers: Traditional uses, phytochemistry and pharmacological properties. Veget 37; 31–40.
Author Information
Phytochemistry Division, CSIR- National Botanical Research Institute, Lucknow, India