Vegetos
(An International Journal of Plant Research & Biotechnology)
HR-LCMS-based metabolite profiling and evaluation of in-vitro anti-oxidant, antimicrobial and antibiofilm activities of aerial parts of Symplocos rosea Bedd. (Symplocaceae), an endemic species to Southern Western Ghats
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Research Articles | Published: 21 April, 2025
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Keywords: Antioxidant, Antibiofilm, Antimicrobial, HR-LCMS, DPPH, n Symplocosn
Abstract
Numerous studies have explored various features of the genus Symplocos, yet many aspects of its chemistry and pharmacology remain unexplored. In this study, we investigated the antioxidant, antimicrobial and antibiofilm properties of extracts from aerial parts of Symplocos rosea using different solvents (n-hexane, ethyl acetate, and methanol) as initially stated. Phytochemical profile of methanolic extract was determined by High Resolution-Liquid Chromatography Mass Spectrometry (HR-LCMS) and superior antioxidant activity compared to n-hexane, ethyl acetate and methanolic extracts, was assessed by DPPH (2,2-dipyhenyl-picrylhdrazyl), ferric reducing power and hydroxyl radical scavenging assays. Antimicrobial activity against both gram-positive and gram-negative bacteria and fungal strains (Aspergillus brasiliensis, Fusarium oxysporum and Candida albicans) was evaluated using agar well diffusion and dual culture methods respectively. The qualitative and quantitative phytochemical compositions of these extracts were also analyzed. HR-LCMS analysis was performed to identify 20 major phytocompounds. Methanolic extracts exhibited superior antioxidant activity compared to n-hexane and ethyl acetate extracts. Methanolic extracts showed significant inhibition zones against P. aeruginosa (18.20 ± 0.43 mm), S. typhi (16.03 ± 0.42 mm), S. aureus (15.12 ± 0.46 mm), and Candida albicans (15.13 ± 0.46 mm) at 80µg/mL concentration. Further investigation focused on P. aeruginosa due to its notable sensitivity to methanolic extracts, which exhibited MICs of 10 mg/mL for stem and 8 mg/mL for leaf extracts. Methanolic extract of stem was able to inhibit biofilm formation by up to 84% at a concentration of 9.5 mg/mL, while the leaf extract achieved up to 86% biofilm inhibition at 8 mg/ml. This knowledge can open new avenues for developing pharmaceuticals based on these natural compounds.
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Author Information
Department of Botany, Sree Narayana College, Kollam, Affiliated to University of Kerala, Thiruvananthapuram, India