Phytochemical screening, proximate composition and antioxidant activities of Citrus germplasm of Assam, India

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Print ISSN : 0970-4078.
Online ISSN : 2229-4473.
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Doi: 10.1007/s42535-023-00666-6
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Keywords: n Citrus germplasm, Biochemical analysis, Proximate composition, Antioxidant activity


Abstract


The north-eastern region of India is regarded as the center of origin of Citrus and is known for having a rich diversity of this plant. Citrus is widely consumed throughout the world because of its high antioxidant and nutritional content. The presence of different phytochemicals and bioactive compounds makes Citrus a favourable supplement for humans. Therefore, a study was undertaken to analyze different phytochemicals, proximate and antioxidant properties of 13 different Citrus germplasms from Assam, India. The results showed Citrus reticulata (C1) possessing the highest antioxidant activities and C. maxima var. white pulp (C2) having the highest protein content (2.85%). The proximate parameters were also found to be in a good range which suggests that Citrus spp. are nutritionally important fruits. The highest phenol content of C. assamensis (C8) (2.15 µg/ml GAE) is an indication of having a good source of antioxidants. In terms of biochemical properties, C. jambhiri (C6) was found to possess the highest saponin (1.93%) and tannin (1.24 mg/g) content. The result of the ANOVA with Duncan’s multiple range test (p < 0.05) showed a significant difference among the different proximate and biochemical parameters of the Citrus spp. The GC-MS analysis exhibited 34 significant compounds having metabolic and medicinal properties. Limonene, one of the most important compounds with anticancer activities, was found to be present in the petroleum ether extract of C. aurantifolia (C10). This study disclosed different nutritionally and industrially valuable properties of Citrus fruits that can be utilized for the improvement of future research programs for the betterment of mankind.


n                     Citrus germplasm, Biochemical analysis, Proximate composition, Antioxidant activity


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Acknowledgements


Authors are thankful to the DST-FIST, GoI of the Department of Botany and Gauhati University for providing infrastructure facilities.


Author Information


Jyoti Sabnoor Yeasrin
Department of Botany, Gauhati University, Guwahati, India

Kalita Indrajit
Department of Botany, Gauhati University, Guwahati, India


Tanti Bhaben
Department of Botany, Gauhati University, Guwahati, India

btanti@gauhati.ac.in