Vegetos
(An International Journal of Plant Research & Biotechnology)
Morpho-physiological studies and selection criteria in Indian mustard (Brassica juncea L.) under rainfed condition
Singh Vijay Veer, Sharma Hariom Kumar, Sharma Laxman, Rai Pramod Kumar
Research Articles | Published: 23 May, 2024
First Page: 1121
Last Page: 1130
Views: 2344
Keywords: Indian mustard, Drought susceptibility index, Membrane stability index, Relative water content, Correlation, Principal component analysis
Abstract
After groundnut and soybean, rapeseed-mustard is the third largest contributor (18.5%) to total domestic availability of edible oil in India. Among rapeseed-mustard, Brassica juncea (Indian mustard L.) is cultivated on more than 80% of total rapeseed-mustard area. Nearly 17% of the total rapeseed-mustard area in India is under rainfed conditions where crop suffers from moisture stress. Therefore, the present investigation was carried out to study the effect of moisture stress on Indian mustard and to identify promising donors for rainfed condition. A total of 100 germplasm accessions of Indian mustard were grown in augmented block design with six checks in two environments (rainfed and irrigated). The rainfed trial received only rainwater as a source of irrigation during the period. While, two irrigations were given to irrigated crop. The data were recorded for eleven traits namely; days to initiation of flowering, days to 50% flowering, days to maturity, 1000-seed weight, seed yield/plant, SPAD chlorophyll, relative water content (RWC), membrane stability index (MSI), excised-leaf water loss, chlorophyll content, chlorophyll stability index. Moisture stress caused maximum reduction in MSI both at the siliqua stage (27.14%) and maturity stage (33.02%) while in morphological traits maximum reduction in seed yield/plant (15.33%) was noticed in comparison to irrigated crop. Four genotypes (DRMR 64, DRMR 67, DRMR 72, DRMR 78) showed high seed yield (> 19.04 g) and 1000-seed weight (5.14 g) under rainfed condition in comparison to best checks (DRMR 150 − 35, RH 406). Genotypes with low drought susceptibility index (DSI) and high stress tolerance index were considered drought tolerant. Eight genotypes (DRMR-75, DRMR-374, DRMR-120, DRMR-139, DRMR-413, DRMR-390, DRMR-405, DRMR-383) were better than the best check RH 406 (DSI = 0.27) in terms of DSI. In conclusion, selection based on more than one parameter including associated agro-morphological traits, physiological parameters, and stress indices helped to identify the genotypes for drought tolerance in Indian mustard.
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Author Information
ICAR-Directorate of Rapeseed-Mustard Research, Bharatpur, India