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Adeola Oluwakemi E., Akpor Oluwaseyi A., Adamolekun Modupe M., Adewale Olusola B., Akpor Oghenerobor B.
Keywords:
Antibacterial, Antioxidant, Bioactivity, Growth inhibition, n P. nitidan
The seeds of Picralima nitida are a good source of vital minerals like zinc, iron, and manganese as well as amino acids, vitamins A and E. The objective of this study was to determine the phytochemical content, and assess the antioxidant and antimicrobial activities of aqueous extract of P. nitida seeds. Antibacterial assay of the extract was carried out against seven pathogens using the agar well diffusion procedure. The antioxidant capacity of the extract was evaluated using the 2,2-diphenyl-1-picrylhydrazyl (DPPH) scavenging activity assay. Phytochemical composition of the extract was conducted utilizing quantitative as well as qualitative assay procedures while bioactive composition was done using gas chromatography-mass spectroscopy. From the results, the growth of Escherichia coli, Xanthomonas capestris, Pseudomonas aeruginosa, and Bacillus subtilis were not inhibited in presence of the extract. Staphylococcus aureus and Streptococcus pneumonia were both inhibited by a concentration of 30 mg/mL, and 10 mg/mL for Salmonella typhi. Generally, % inhibition of DPPH scavenging activity of the extract and control (quercetin) was observed to follow a concentration dependent manner. For almost all the concentrations investigated, % inhibition in the presence of the extract showed remarkable higher values than what was observed with the control. An examination of the extract’s phytochemical composition revealed the presence of alkaloids, saponins, flavonoids, phenols, and tannins in varying concentrations. With respect to active compounds present, the dominant compounds were Erucic acid, 9,12-Octadecadienoic acid (Z,Z), 9-Octadecenoic acid, methyl ester, n-Hexadecanoic acid, Linoleoyl chloride, Phenol and 3,5-bis (1,1-dimethyl ethyl). Based on the study findings, it could be inferred that the use of the plant part for possible development of pharmaceutical product is promising.
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The authors are grateful to Afe Babalola University for providing facilities for the study.