*Article not assigned to an issue yet
Keywords: Endophytes, Nanobiotechnology, Silver nanoparticles, Green synthesis, Antimicrobial activity, Cytotoxicity
Biosynthetic strategies have emerged as sustainable and eco-friendly alternatives for the fabrication of nanoparticles with multifunctional properties and promising biomedical applications. Among various biological systems, plant-associated microorganisms have attracted increasing interest due to their ability to mediate green synthesis processes. Endophytic microbes, which inhabit internal plant tissues in a symbiotic relationship, constitute a diverse and metabolically rich reservoir of secondary metabolites capable of reducing metal ions into stable nanoparticles. These bioactive metabolites not only facilitate nanoparticle formation but also influence their physicochemical characteristics and biological performance. Although several studies have reported the successful synthesis of silver nanoparticles using endophytic fungi and bacteria, a comprehensive understanding of their biosynthetic mechanisms and application-oriented properties remains fragmented. The present review systematically evaluates published literature to compare the physical, chemical, and biological attributes of silver nanoparticles derived from endophytic microorganisms. In addition, this article elucidates the underlying biosynthetic mechanisms involved in nanoparticle formation and highlights their pharmacognostic potential, including antimicrobial, antioxidant, and anticancer activities. By integrating current knowledge within the framework of plant–endophyte interactions, this review identifies critical research gaps and future directions. Further investigations are warranted to clarify the molecular basis of endophyte-mediated nanoparticle synthesis and to advance their biopharmaceutical applications in sustainable plant-based biotechnology.
Abdel-Aziz SM, Prasad R, Hamed AA, Abdelraof M (2018) Fungal nanoparticles: a novel tool for a green biotechnology? Fungal Nanobionics: Principles and Applications. Springer, pp 61–87. https://doi.org/10.1007/978-981-10-8666-3_3
Abdelghany T, Al-Rajhi AM, Al Abboud MA, Alawlaqi M, Magdah AG, Helmy EA, Mabrouk AS (2018) Recent advances in green synthesis of silver nanoparticles and their applications: about future directions. A review. BioNanoScience 8(1):5–16. https://doi.org/10.1007/s12668-017-0413-3
Almutairi ZM (2016) Influence of silver nano-particles on the salt resistance of tomato (Solanum lycopersicum) during germination. Int J Agric Biol 18:449–457. https://doi.org/10.17957/IJAB/15.0114
Alt V, Bechert T, Steinrücke P, Wagener M, Seidel P, Dingeldein E, Domann E, Schnettler R (2004) An in vitro assessment of the anti bacterial properties and cytotoxicity of nanoparticulate silver bone cement. Biomaterials 25(18):4383–4391. https://doi.org/10.1016/j.biomaterials.2003.10.078
Amanulla AM, Shahina SJ, Sundaram R, Magdalane CM, Kaviyarasu K, Letsholathebe D, Mohamed S, Kennedy J, Maaza M (2018) Antibacterial, magnetic, optical and humidity sensor studies of β CoMoO4-Co3O4 nanocomposites and its synthesis and characterization. J Photochem Photobiol B 183:233–241
Baker S, Satish S (2012) Endophytes: toward a vision in synthesis of nanoparticle for future therapeutic agents. Int J Bio-Inorg Hybd Nanomat 1(2):67–77. https://doi.org/10.1002/9781118369920.ch1
Baker C, Pradhan A, Pakstis L, Pochan DJ, Shah SI (2005) Synthesis and antibacterial properties of silver nanoparticles. J Nanosci Nanotechnol 5(2):244–249. https://doi.org/10.1166/jnn.2005.034
Baker S, Sahana S, Rakshith D, Kavitha H, Kavitha K, Satish S (2012) Biodecaffeination by endophytic Pseudomonas sp. isolated from Coffee arabica L. J Pharm Res 5(7):3654–3657
Baker S, Kavitha KS, Yashavantha Rao HC, Rakshith D, Harini BP, Kumar K, Satish S (2015a) Bacterial endo-symbiont inhabiting Tridax procumbens L. and their antimicrobial potential. Chin J Biol. https://doi.org/10.1155/2015/309267
Baker S, Kumar KM, Santosh P, Rakshith D, Satish S (2015b) Extracellular synthesis of silver nanoparticles by novel Pseudomonas veronii AS41G inhabiting Annona squamosa L. and their bactericidal activity. Spectrochim Acta A Mol Biomol Spectrosc 136:1434–1440. https://doi.org/10.1016/j.saa.2014.10.033
Barabadi H, Ovais M, Shinwari ZK, Saravanan M (2017) Anti-cancer green bionanomaterials: present status and future prospects. Green Chem Lett Rev 10(4):285–314. https://doi.org/10.1080/17518253.2017.1385856
Barreiro E, Casas JS, Couce MD, Sánchez A, Seoane R, Sordo J, Varela JM, Vázquez-López EM (2007) Synthesis and antimicrobial activities of silver (i) sulfanylcarboxylates. Structural isomers with identically or unequally coordinated Ag centers in an Ag4S4 ring. Dalt Trans 28:3074–3085. https://doi.org/10.1039/b702936e
Carbone M, Donia DT, Sabbatella G, Antiochia R (2016) Silver nanoparticles in polymeric matrices for fresh food packaging. J King Saud Uni-Sci 28(4):273–279. https://doi.org/10.1016/j.jksus.2016.05.004
Chan S, Don M (2012) Characterization of Ag nanoparticles produced by white-rot fungi and its in vitro antimicrobial activities. Int Arab J Antimicrob Agents 2(3: 3):1–8. https://doi.org/10.3823/717
Chou WL, Yu DG, Yang MC (2005) The preparation and characterization of silver-loading cellulose acetate hollow fiber membrane for water treatment. Polym Adv Technol 16(8):600–607. https://doi.org/10.1002/pat.630
Compant S, Mitter B, Colli-Mull JG, Gangl H, Sessitsch A (2011) Endophytes of grapevine flowers, berries, and seeds: identification of cultivable bacteria, comparison with other plant parts, and visualization of niches of colonization. Microb Ecol 62(1):188–197. https://doi.org/10.1007/s00248-011-9883-y
Dakal TC, Kumar A, Majumdar RS, Yadav V (2016) Mechanistic basis of antimicrobial actions of silver nanoparticles. Front Microbiol 7:1831
Das A, Varma A (2009) Symbiosis: the art of living symbiotic fungi. Springer, pp 1–28. https://doi.org/10.1007/978-3-540-95894-9_1
Devi LS, Joshi SR (2014) Evaluation of the antimicrobial potency of silver nanoparticles biosynthesized by using an endophytic fungus, Cryptosporiopsis ericae PS4. J Microbiol 52(8):667–674. https://doi.org/10.1007/s12275-014-4113-1
Dey A, Mukhopadhyay AK, Gangadharan S, Sinha MK, Basu D, Bandyopadhyay N (2009) Nanoindentation study of microplasma sprayed hydroxyapatite coating. Ceram Int 35(6):2295–2304. https://doi.org/10.1016/j.ceramint.2009.01.002
Diantoro M, Suprayogi T, Sa’adah U, Mufti N, Fuad A, Hidayat A, Nur H (2018) Modification of electrical properties of silver nanoparticle silver nanoparticles-fabrication, characterization and applications. IntechOpen. https://doi.org/10.5772/intechopen.75682
Dong Z-Y, Rao N, Prabhu M, Xiao M, Wang H-F, Hozzein WN, Chen W, Li W-J (2017) Antibacterial activity of silver nanoparticles against Staphylococcus warneri synthesized using endophytic bacteria by photo-irradiation. Front Microbiol 8:1090. https://doi.org/10.3389/fmicb.2017.01090
Durán N, Seabra AB (2012) Metallic oxide nanoparticles: state of the art in biogenic syntheses and their mechanisms. Appl Microbiol Biotechnol 95(2):275–288. https://doi.org/10.1007/s00253-0124118-9
García MA (2011) Surface plasmons in metallic nanoparticles: fundamentals and applications. J Phys D 44(28):283001. https://doi.org/10.1088/0022-3727/45/38/389501
Ghavam M (2018) Effect of silver nanoparticles on seed germination and seedling growth in Thymus vulgaris L. and Thymus daenensis Celak under salinity stress. J Rangel Sci 8(1):93–100
Gericke M, Pinches A (2006) Biological synthesis of metal nanoparticles. Hydrometa 83(1–4):132–140. https://doi.org/10.1016/jhydromet.2006.03.019
Glick BR (2012) Plant growth-promoting bacteria: mechanisms and applications. Scientifica 2012:1–15. https://doi.org/10.6064/2012/963401
Goffeau A (2008) Drug resistance: the fight against fungi. Nature 452(7187):541–542
Gordon O, Slenters TV, Brunetto PS, Villaruz AE, Sturdevant DE, Otto M, Landmann R, Fromm KM (2010) Silver coordination polymers for prevention of implant infection: thiol interaction, impact on respiratory chain enzymes, and hydroxyl radical induction. Antimicrob Agents Chemother 54(10):4208–4218. https://doi.org/10.1128/AAC.01830-09
Gravante G, Caruso R, Sorge R, Nicoli F, Gentile P, Cervelli V (2009) Nanocrystalline silver: a systematic review of randomized trials con ducted on burned patients and an evidence-based assessment of potential advantages over older silver formulations. Ann Surg 63(2):201–205. https://doi.org/10.1097/SAP.0b013e3181893825
Gurunathan S, Raman J, Malek SNA, John PA, Vikineswary S (2013) Green synthesis of silver nanoparticles using Ganoderma neo japonicum Imazeki: a potential cytotoxic agent against breast cancer cells. Int J Nanomedicine 8:4399. https://doi.org/10.2147/IJN.S51881
Hemashekhar B, Chandrappa C, Govindappa M, Chandrasekhar N, Ganganagappa N, Ramachandra Y (2017) Green synthesis of silver nanoparticles from endophytic fungus Aspergillus niger isolated from Simarouba glauca leaf and its antibacterial and antioxidant activity. Int J Eng Res Appl 7(8):17–24. https://doi.org/10.9790/9622-0708011724
Hiruma K, Kobae Y, Toju H (2018) Beneficial associations between Brassicaceae plants and fungal endophytes under nutrient-limiting conditions: evolutionary origins and host–symbiont molecular mechanisms. Curr Opin Plant Biol 44:145–154. https://doi.org/10.1016/j.pbi.2018.04.009
Hojjat SS (2015) Impact of silver nanoparticles on germinated fenugreek seed. Int J Agric Crop Sci 8:627–630
Iravani S, Korbekandi H, Mirmohammadi S, Zolfaghari B (2014) Synthesis of silver nanoparticles: chemical, physical and biological methods. Res Pharm Sci 9(6):385–406
Jagtap UB, Bapat VA (2013) Green synthesis of silver nanoparticles using Artocarpus heterophyllus Lam. seed extract and its antibacterial activity. Ind Crop Prod 46:132–137. https://doi.org/10.1016/j.indcrop.2013.01.019
Jeong SH, Yeo SY, Yi SC (2005) The effect of filler particle size on the antibacterial properties of compounded polymer/silver fibers. J Mater Sci 40(20):5407–5411. https://doi.org/10.1007/s10853-0054339-8
Jesudoss S, Vijaya JJ, Kaviyarasu K, Rajan PI, Narayanan S, Kennedy LJ (2018) In-vitro anti-cancer activity of organic template-free hierarchical M (Cu, Ni)-modified ZSM-5 zeolites synthesized using silica source waste material. J Photochem Photobiol B 186:178–188. https://doi.org/10.1016/j.jphotobiol.2018.07.009
Kansal S, Singh M, Sud D (2008) Studies on TiO2/ZnO photocatalysed degradation of lignin. J Hazard Mater 153(1–2):412–417. https://doi.org/10.1016/j.jhazmat.2007.08.091
Kaviyarasu K, Geetha N, Kanimozhi K, Magdalane CM, Sivaranjani S, Ayeshamariam A, Kennedy J, Maaza M (2017a) In vitro cytotoxic ity effect and antibacterial performance of human lung epithelial cells A549 activity of zinc oxide doped TiO2 nanocrystals: investi gation of bio-medical application by chemical method. Mater Sci Eng C Mater Biol Appl 74:325–333. https://doi.org/10.1016/j.msec.2016.12.024
Kaviyarasu K, Kanimozhi K, Matinise N, Magdalane CM, Mola GT, Kennedy J, Maaza M (2017b) Antiproliferative effects on human lung cell lines A549 activity of cadmium selenide nanoparticles extracted from cytotoxic effects: investigation of bio-electronic ap plication. Mater Sci Eng C Mater Biol Appl 76:1012–1025. https://doi.org/10.1016/j.msec.2017.03.210
Kaviyarasu K, Magdalane CM, KanimozhiK KennedyJ, Siddhardha B, Reddy ES, Rotte NK, Sharma CS, Thema F, Letsholathebe D (2017c) Elucidation of photocatalysis, photoluminescence and anti bacterial studies of ZnO thin films by spin coating method. J Photochem Photobiol B 173:466–475. https://doi.org/10.1016/j.jphotobiol.2017.06.026
Khalil AT, Ovais M, Ullah I, Ali M, Shinwari ZK, Hassan D, Maaza M (2018) Sageretia thea (Osbeck.) modulated biosynthesis of NiO nanoparticles and their in vitro pharmacognostic, antioxidant and cytotoxic potential. Artif Cells Nanomed Biotechnol 46(4):838–852. https://doi.org/10.1080/21691401.2017.1345928
Khatami M, Alijani H, Sharifi I (2018) Biosynthesis of bimetallic and core shell nanoparticles: their biomedical applications: a review. IET Nanobiol 12:1–19. https://doi.org/10.1049/iet-nbt.2017.0308
Klasen H (2000) A historical review of the use of silver in the treatment of burns. Part II. Renewed interest for silver. Burns 26(2):131–138. https://doi.org/10.1016/S0305-4179(99)00116-3
Koduru JR, Kailasa SK, Bhamore JR, Kim K-H, Dutta T, Vellingiri K (2018) Phytochemical-assisted synthetic approaches for silver nano particles antimicrobial applications: a review. Adv Colloid Interface Sci 256:326–339. https://doi.org/10.1016/j.cis.2018.03.001
Krishnaraj C, Muthukumaran P, Ramachandran R, Balakumaran M, Kalaichelvan P (2014) Acalypha indica Linn: biogenic synthesis of silver and gold nanoparticles and their cytotoxic effects against MDA-MB-231, human breast cancer cells. Biotechnol Rep 4:42–49. https://doi.org/10.1016/j.btre.2014.08.002
Kumar A, Choudhary P, Verma P (2011) A comparative study on the treatment methods of textile dye effluents. Glob J Environ Res 5(1):46–52
Kumar TVR, Murthy J, Rao MN, Bhargava Y (2016) Evaluation of silver nanoparticles synthetic potential of Couroupita guianensis Aubl., flower buds extract and their synergistic antibacterial activity. 3 Biotech 6(1):92. https://doi.org/10.1007/s13205-016-0407-9
Leaper DJ (2006) Silver dressings: their role in wound management. Int Wound J 3(4):282–294
Lee S, Flores-Encarnacion M, Contreras-Zentella M, Garcia-Flores L, Escamilla J, Kennedy C (2004) Indole-3-acetic acid biosynthesis is deficient in Gluconacetobacter diazotrophicus strains with mutations in cytochrome c biogenesis genes. J Bacteriol 186(16):5384. https://doi.org/10.1128/JB.186.16.5384-5391.2004
Li G, He D, Qian Y, Guan B, Gao S, Cui Y, Yokoyama K, Wang L (2011) Fungus-mediated green synthesis of silver nanoparticles using Aspergillus terreus. Int J Mol Sci 13(1):466–476. https://doi.org/10.3390/ijms13010466
Lok C-N, Ho C-M, Chen R, He Q-Y, Yu W-Y, Sun H, Tam PK-H, Chiu JF, Che C-M (2007) Silver nanoparticles: partial oxidation and anti bacterial activities. J Biol Inorg Chem 12(4):527–534
Mahgoub S, Samaras P (2014) Nanoparticles from biowastes and microbes: Focus on role in water purification and food preservation. In: 2nd international conference on sustainable solid waste management
Maiti S, Krishnan D, Barman G, Ghosh SK, Laha JK (2014) Antimicrobial activities of silver nanoparticles synthesized from Lycopersicon esculentum extract. J Anal Sci Technol 5(1):40. https://doi.org/10.1186/s40543-014-0040-3
Mallick K, Witcomb M, Scurrell M (2004) Polymer stabilized silver nanoparticles: a photochemical synthesis route. J Mater Sci 39(14):4459–4463. https://doi.org/10.1023/B:JMSC.0000034138.80116.50
Manikprabhu D, Lingappa K (2014) Synthesis of silver nanoparticles using the Streptomyces coelicolor klmp33 pigment: an antimicrobial agent against extended-spectrum beta-lactamase (ESBL) producing Escherichia coli. Mater Sci Eng C Mater Biol Appl 45:434–437. https://doi.org/10.1016/j.msec.2014.09.034
Mukherjee P, Ahmad A, Mandal D, Senapati S, Sainkar SR, Khan MI, Parishcha R, Ajaykumar P, Alam M, Kumar R (2001) Fungus mediated synthesis of silver nanoparticles and their immobilization in the mycelial matrix: a novel biological approach to nanoparticle synthesis. Nano Lett 1(10):515–519. https://doi.org/10.1021/nl0155274
Mukherjee S, Chowdhury D, Kotcherlakota R, Patra S (2014) Potential theranostics application of bio-synthesized silver nanoparticles (4 in-1 system). Theranostics 4(3):316–335. https://doi.org/10.7150/thno.7819
Neethu S, Midhun SJ, Sunil M, Soumya S, Radhakrishnan E, Jyothis M (2018) Efficient visible light induced synthesis of silver nanoparticles by Penicillium polonicum ARA 10 isolated from Chetomorpha antennina and its antibacterial efficacy against Salmonella enterica serovar Typhimurium. J Photochem Photobiol B 180:175–185. https://doi.org/10.1016/j.jphotobiol.2018.02.005
Netala VR, Bethu MS, Pushpalatha B, Baki VB, Aishwarya S, Rao JV, Tartte V (2016a) Biogenesis of silver nanoparticles using endophytic fungus Pestalotiopsis microspora and evaluation of their antioxidant and anticancer activities. Int J Nanomedicine 11:5683–5696. https://doi.org/10.2147/IJN.S112857
Netala VR, Kotakadi VS, Bobbu P, Gaddam SA, Tartte V (2016b) Endophytic fungal isolate mediated biosynthesis of silver nanoparticles and their free radical scavenging activity and anti microbial studies. 3 Biotech 6(2):132. https://doi.org/10.1007/s13205-0160433-7
Newsham KK (2011) A meta-analysis of plant responses to dark septate root endophytes. New Phytol 190(3):783–793. https://doi.org/10.1111/j.1469-8137.2010.03611.x
Ovais M, Ahmad I, Khalil AT, Mukherjee S, Javed R, Ayaz M, Raza A, Shinwari ZK (2018a) Wound healing applications of biogenic colloidal silver and gold nanoparticles: recent trends and future prospects. Appl Microbiol Biotechnol 102:1–14. https://doi.org/10.1007/s00253-018-8939-z
Ovais M, Khalil A, Ayaz M, Ahmad I, Nethi S, Mukherjee S (2018b) Biosynthesis of metal nanoparticles via microbial enzymes: a mechanistic approach. Int J Mol Sci 19(12):4100. https://doi.org/10.3390/ijms19124100
Ovais M, Khalil AT, Islam NU, Ahmad I, Ayaz M, Saravanan M, Shinwari ZK, Mukherjee S (2018c) Role of plant phytochemicals and microbial enzymes in biosynthesis of metallic nanoparticles. Appl Microbiol Biotechnol 102:1–16. https://doi.org/10.1007/s00253-018-9146-7
Panyala NR, Peña-Méndez EM, Havel J (2008) Silver or silver nanopar ticles: a hazardous threat to the environment and human health? J Appl Biomed. https://doi.org/10.32725/jab.2008.015
Parikh D, Fink T, Rajasekharan K, Sachinvala N, Sawhney A, Calamari T, Parikh AD (2005) Antimicrobial silver/sodium carboxymethyl cotton dressings for burn wounds. Text Res J 75(2):134–138. https://doi.org/10.1177/004051750507500208
de Pereira Melo GV, Magalhães KT, Lorenzetii ER, Souza TP, Schwan RF (2012) A multiphasic approach for the identification of endophytic bacterial in strawberry fruit and their potential for plant growth promotion. Microb Ecol 63(2):405–417. https://doi.org/10.1007/s00248-011-9919-3
Prabhu S, Poulose EK (2012) Silver nanoparticles: mechanism of antimicrobial action, synthesis, medical applications, and toxicity effects. Int Nano Lett 2(1):32. https://doi.org/10.1186/2228-5326-2-32
Qian Y, Yu H, He D, Yang H, Wang W, Wan X, Wang L (2013) Biosynthesis of silver nanoparticles by the endophytic fungus Epicoccum nigrum and their activity against pathogenic fungi. Bioprocess Biosyst Eng 36(11):1613–1619. https://doi.org/10.1007/s00449-013-0937-z
Qing YA, Cheng L, Li R, Liu G, Zhang Y, Tang X, Wang J, Liu H, Qin Y (2018) Potential antibacterial mechanism of silver nanoparticles and the optimization of orthopedic implants by advanced modification technologies. Int J Nanomed 13:3311. https://doi.org/10.2147/IJN.S165125
Rahi D, Parmar A, Tiwari V (2014) Biosynthesis of silver nanoparticles from fungal root endophytes of Sida acuta plant and evaluation of their antibacterial and antibiotic enhancing activity. Int J Pharm Pharm Sci 6(11):160–166
Rahman S, Rahman L, Khalil AT, Ali N, Zia D, Ali M, Shinwari ZK (2019) Endophyte-mediated synthesis of silver nanoparticles and their biological applications. Appl Micro Biotech 103:2551–2569. https://doi.org/10.1007/s00253-019-09661-x
Raja A, Ashokkumar S, Marthandam RP, Jayachandiran J, Khatiwada CP, Kaviyarasu K, Raman RG, Swaminathan M (2018) Eco friendly preparation of zinc oxide nanoparticles using Tabernaemontana divaricata and its photocatalytic and antimicrobial activity. J Photochem Photobiol B 181:53–58. https://doi.org/10.1016/j.jphotobiol.2018.02.011
Ramalingmam P, Muthukrishnan S, Thangaraj P (2015) Biosynthesis of silver nanoparticles using an endophytic fungus, Curvularia lunata and its antimicrobial potential. J Nanosci Nanoeng 1:241–247
Ramamurthy C, Padma M, Mareeswaran R, Suyavaran A, Kumar MS, Premkumar K, Thirunavukkarasu C (2013) The extra cellular synthesis of gold and silver nanoparticles and their free radical scavenging and antibacterial properties. Colloid Surf B 102:808–815. https://doi.org/10.1016/j.colsurfb.2012.09.025
Rani R, Sharma D, Chaturvedi M, Yadav JP (2017) Green synthesis, characterization and antibacterial activity of silver nanoparticles of endophytic fungi Aspergillus terreus. J Nanomed Nanotechnol 8(457):1–8. https://doi.org/10.4172/2157-7439.1000457
Rao Y, Chinnappa H, Nagendra-Prasad MN, Prasad A, Harini BP, Azmath P, Rakshith D, Satish S (2016) Biomimetic synthesis of silver nanoparticles using endosymbiotic bacterium inhabiting Euphorbia hirta L and their bactericidal potential. Scientifica 2016:9020239. https://doi.org/10.1155/2016/9020239
Rathjen D, Read L (2005) Nanotechnology. Enabling technologies for Australian innovative industries. In: Paper prepared by an independent working group for the Prime Minister’s Science, Engineering and Innovation Council, PMSEIC
Ray S, Singh J, Rajput R, Singh H, Singh S (2018) Endophytic bacteria: an essential requirement of phyto nutrition. Nutri Food Sci Int J 5(2):555657. https://doi.org/10.19080/NFSIJ.2018.05.555657
Rho H, Hsieh M, Kandel SL, Cantillo J, Doty SL, Kim S-H (2018) Do endophytes promote growth of host plants under stress? A meta analysis on plant stress mitigation by endophytes. Microb Ecol 75(2):407–418. https://doi.org/10.1007/s00248-017-1054-3
Rodriguez R, White J Jr, Arnold A, Redman RS (2009) Fungal endophytes: diversity and functional roles. New Phytol 182(2):314–330. https://doi.org/10.1111/j.1469-8137.2009.02773.x
Rupp ME, Fitzgerald T, Marion N, Helget V, Puumala S, Anderson JR, Fey PD (2004) Effect of silver-coated urinary catheters: efficacy, cost-effectiveness, and antimicrobial resistance. Am J Infect Control 32(8):445–450. https://doi.org/10.1016/S0196655304004742
Ryan RP, Germaine K, Franks A, Ryan DJ, Dowling DN (2008) Bacterial endophytes: recent developments and applications. FEMS Microbiol Lett 278(1):1–9. https://doi.org/10.1111/j.1574-6968.2007.00918
Sandhu SS, Shukla H, Shukla S (2017) Biosynthesis of silver nanoparticles by endophytic fungi: its mechanism, characterization techniques and antimicrobial potential. Afr J Biotechnol 16(14):683. https://doi.org/10.5897/AJB2017.15873
Schulz B (2006) Mutualistic interactions with fungal root endophytes. In: Microbial root endophytes. Springer, pp 261–279. https://doi.org/10.1007/3-540-33526-9_15
Schutz BI (2001) Bioactive fungal metabolites-impact and exploitation, British mycological society, international symposium proceedings. University of Wales, Swansea
Shah A, Lutfullah G, Ahmad K, Khalil AT, Maaza M (2018) Daphne mucronata- mediated phytosynthesis of silver nanoparticles and their novel biological applications, compatibility and toxicity studies. Green Chem Lett Rev 11(3):318–333. https://doi.org/10.1080/17518253.2018.1502365
Siddiqi KS, Husen A, Rao RA (2018) A review on biosynthesis of silver nanoparticles and their biocidal properties. J Nanobiotechnol 16(1):14. https://doi.org/10.1186/s12951-0180334-5
Singh D, Rathod V, Ninganagouda S, Herimath J, Kulkarni P (2013) Biosynthesis of silver nanoparticle by endophytic fungi Pencillium sp. isolated from Curcuma longa (turmeric) and its antibacterial activity against pathogenic gram negative bacteria. J Pharm Res 7(5):448–453. https://doi.org/10.1016/j.jopr.2013.06.003
Singh J, Kaur G, Kaur P, Bajaj R, Rawat M (2016) A review on green synthesis and characterization of silver nanoparticles and their applications: a green nanoworld. World J Pharm Pharm Sci 7:730. https://doi.org/10.20959/wjpps20167-7227
Singh T, Jyoti K, Patnaik A, Singh A, Chauhan R, Chandel S (2017) Biosynthesis, characterization and antibacterial activity of silver nanoparticles using an endophytic fungal supernatant of Raphanus sativus. J Genet Eng Biotechnol 15(1):31–39. https://doi.org/10.1016/j.jgeb.2017.04.005
Smith SA, Tank DC, Boulanger L-A, Bascom-Slack CA, Eisenman K, Kingery D, Babbs B, Fenn K, Greene JS, Hann BD (2008) Bioactive endophytes warrant intensified exploration and conservation. PLoS ONE 3(8):e3052. https://doi.org/10.1371/journal.pone.0003052
Soares MR, Corrêa RO, Stroppa PHF, Marques FC, Andrade GF, Corrêa CC, Brandão MAF, Raposo NR (2018) Biosynthesis of silver nano particles using Caesalpinia ferrea (Tul.) Martius extract: physico chemical characterization, antifungal activity and cytotoxicity. PeerJ 6:e4361. https://doi.org/10.7717/peerj.4361
Soleimani FF, Saleh T, Shojaosadati SA, Poursalehi R (2018) Green synthesis of different shapes of silver nanostructures and evaluation of their antibacterial and cytotoxic activity. BioNanoScience 8(1):72–80. https://doi.org/10.1007/s12668-017-0423-1
Staniek A, Woerdenbag HJ, Kayser O (2008) Endophytes: exploiting biodiversity for the improvement of natural product-based drug discovery. J Plant Interact 3(2):75–93. https://doi.org/10.1080/17429140801886293
Strobel GA (2003) Endophytes as sources of bioactive products. Microbes Infect 5(6):535–544. https://doi.org/10.1016/S12864579(03)00073-X
Sunkar S, Nachiyar CV (2012) Biogenesis of antibacterial silver nano particles using the endophytic bacterium Bacillus cereus isolated from Garcinia xanthochymus. Asian Pac J Trop Biomed 2(12):953–959. https://doi.org/10.1016/S2221-1691(13)60006-4
Suvith V, Philip D (2014) Catalytic degradation of methylene blue using biosynthesized gold and silver nanoparticles. Spectrochim Acta A Mol Biomol Spectrosc 118:526–532. https://doi.org/10.1016/j.saa.2013.09.016
Svenningsen NB, Watts-Williams SJ, Joner EJ, Battini F, Efthymiou A, Cruz-Paredes C, Nybroe O, Jakobsen I (2018) Suppression of the activity of arbuscular mycorrhizal fungi by the soil microbiota. Intl Soc Mic Eco J 12(5):1296–1307. https://doi.org/10.1038/s41396-0180059-3
Syed A, Saraswati S, Kundu GC, Ahmad A (2013) Biological synthesis of silver nanoparticles using the fungus Humicola sp. and evaluation of their cytoxicity using normal and cancer cell lines. Spectrochim Acta A Mol Biomol Spectrosc 114:144–147. https://doi.org/10.1016/j.saa.2013.05.030
Tejeda Esteban L, Malpartida F, Esteban-Cubillo A, Pecharromán C, Moya J (2009) Antibacterial and antifungal activity of a soda-lime glass containing copper nanoparticles. Nanotechnology 20(50):505701. https://doi.org/10.1088/0957-4484/20/50/505701
Toju H, Yamamoto S, Tanabe AS, Hayakawa T, Ishii HS (2016) Network modules and hubs in plant-root fungal biomes. J R Soc Interface 13(116):20151097. https://doi.org/10.1098/rsif.2015.1097
Vigneshwaran N, Ashtaputre N, Varadarajan P, Nachane R, Paralikar K, Balasubramanya R (2007) Biological synthesis of silver nanoparticles using the fungus Aspergillus flavus. Mater Lett 61(6):1413–1418. https://doi.org/10.1016/j.matlet.2006.07.042
Waseda Y, Matsubara E, Shinoda K (2011) X-ray diffraction crystallography: introduction, examples and solved problems. Springer Science & Business Media
White JF Jr, Reddy PV, Bacon CW (2000) Biotrophic endophytes of grasses: a systematic appraisal. Microbial endophytes. Marcel Dekker Inc, NewYork, pp 49–62
Yasir M, Singh J, Tripathi MK, Singh P, Shrivastava R (2018) Green synthesis of silver nanoparticles using leaf extract of common arrow head houseplant and its anticandidal activity. Pharmacogn Mag 13(Suppl 4):S840–S844. https://doi.org/10.4103/pm.pm_226_17
Zhao X, Zhou L, Riaz Rajoka MS, Yan L, Jiang C, Shao D, Zhu J, Shi J, Huang Q, Yang H (2018) Fungal silver nanoparticles: synthesis, application and challenges. Crit Rev Biotechnol 38(6):817–835. https://doi.org/10.1080/07388551.2017.141414
Abdel-Azeem A, Nada AA, O’Donovan A, Kumar Thakur V, Elkelish A. (2020). Mycogenic Silver Nanoparticles From Endophytic Trichoderma atroviride with Antimicrobial Activity. J Renewable Mat. 8(2):171–185 https://doi.org/10.32604/jrm.2020.08960
Bagur H, Poojari CC, Melappa, G. et al. (2020) Biogenically Synthesized Silver Nanoparticles Using Endophyte Fungal Extract of Ocimum tenuiflorum and Evaluation of Biomedical Properties. J Clust Sci 31:1241–1255 https://doi.org/10.1007/s10876-019-01731-4
Fouda A, Hassan SED, Abdo AM. et al. (2020) Antimicrobial, Antioxidant and Larvicidal Activities of Spherical Silver Nanoparticles Synthesized by Endophytic Streptomyces spp.. Biol Trace Elem Res 195:707–724 https://doi.org/10.1007/s12011-019-01883-4
Ranjani S, Shariq Ahmed M, Mohd Adnan, Senthil Kumar N, Ruckmani K, Hemalatha S (2020) Synthesis, characterization and applications of endophytic fungal nanoparticles. Inorg and Nano-Metal Chem 51(2):280–287. https://doi.org/10.1080/24701556.2020.1784231
Salem SS, El-Belely EF, Niedbała G, Alnoman MM, Hassan SED, Eid AM, Shaheen TI, Elkelish A, Fouda A (2020) Bactericidal and in-vitro cytotoxic efficacy of silver nanoparticles (Ag-NPs) fabricated by endophytic actinomycetes and their use as coating for the textile fabrics. Nanomat 10(10):2082. https://doi.org/10.3390/nano10102082
Elbahnasawy MA, Shehabeldine AM, Khattab AM, Amin BH, Hashem AH (2021) Green biosynthesis of silver nanoparticles using novel endophytic Rothia endophytica: Characterization and anticandidal activity. J of Drug Del Sci and Tech 62:102401. https://doi.org/10.1016/j.jddst.2021.102401
Seetharaman PK, Chandrasekaran R, Periakaruppan R, Gnanasekar S, Sivaperumal S, Abd-Elsalam KA, Valis M, Kuca K (2021) Functional attributes of myco-synthesized silver nanoparticles from endophytic fungi: A new implication in biomedical applications. Biology 10(6):473. https://doi.org/10.3390/biology10060473
Dinesh B, Monisha N, Shalini HR, Prathap GK, Poyya J, Shantaram M, Jayanth SH, Chandrakant SK, Chandrashekhar G Joshi (2021). Antibacterial activity of silver nanoparticles synthesized using endophytic fungus- Penicillium cinnamopurpureum. Spectro Let 55(1):20–34. https://doi.org/10.1080/00387010.2021.2010764
Govindappa M, Manasa DJ, Vridhi Vinaykiya, Bhoomika V, Suryanshi Dutta, Ritu Pawar, Vinay BR (2022) Screening of antibacterial and antioxidant activity of biogenically synthesized silver nanoparticles from alternaria alternata, endophytic fungus of Dendrophthoe falcata-a parasitic plant. BioNanoScience 12(1):128-141. https://doi.org/10.1007/s12668-021-00932-4
Gupta P, Rai N, Verma A, Saikia D, Singh SP, Kumar R Singh SK, Kumar D, Gautam V (2022). Green-based approach to synthesize silver nanoparticles using the fungal endophyte Penicillium oxalicum and their antimicrobial, antioxidant, and in vitro anticancer potential. ACS omega 7(50):46653-46673. http://pubs.acs.org/journal/acsodf}
Li Q, Feng T, Li H, Wang Z, Wei X, Liu J (2024) Green synthesis of silver nanoparticles using endophytic bacterium Bacillus zanthoxyli GBE11 and their antimicrobial activity. Bio Conv and Bioref 14(12):13173–13185. https://doi.org/10.1007/s13399-022-03266-7
Saied E, Mostafa AAM, Akram AA, Bushra Hafeez Kiani, Mohamed Bassyouni, Osama A. Al-Qabandi, Fathia HEB, Mona Shaban EMB, Amr HH (2024) Endophytic Aspergillus hiratsukae mediated biosynthesis of silver nanoparticles and their antimicrobial and photocatalytic activities. Front in Microbio 15:1345423. https://doi.org/10.3389/fmicb.2024.1345423
Department of Studies in Biotechnology, University of Mysore, Manasagangotri, Mysuru, India