An efficient regeneration pathway through adventitious organogenesis for the endangered Argania spinosa (L.) Skeels

Research Articles | Published:

Print ISSN : 0970-4078.
Online ISSN : 2229-4473.
Website:www.vegetosindia.org
Pub Email: contact@vegetosindia.org
Doi: 10.1007/s42535-021-00208-y
First Page: 355
Last Page: 367
Views: 1719


Keywords: Adventitious shoot buds, Argania spinosa (L.) Skeels, Germination, In vitro rooting, Micropropagation, Organogenesis


Abstract

An efficient in vitro propagation system through adventitious organogenesis is reported for argan (Argania spinosa (L.) Skeels). Seed germination of two argan genotypes, ‘Mejji’ and ‘R’zwa’, was evaluated under different treatments. Afterwards, the effects of different factors on adventitious shoot bud induction, shoot multiplication, elongation and rooting were evaluated. The findings of this study showed that soaking argan seeds in GA3 during 12 h speeds germination increases the germination percentage. Besides, the use of a sucrose-free medium, without ammonium and with a low nitrate concentration significantly increased the germination percentage. To induce organogenesis, different seedling-derived explants were used. However, epicotyl segments were the only explants capable of regenerating adventitious shoot buds. Highest organogenesis percentage (79.17%) was observed in genotype ‘Mejji’ on Murashige and Skoog (MS) medium containing 2 mg L−1 6-benzylaminopurine (BAP) under dark conditions. Adventitious shoot bud multiplication was performed on MS medium supplemented with different combinations of BAP and GA3. The highest number of adventitious shoot buds per explant (4.0) was observed on MS medium containing 1 mg L−1 BAP and 2 mg L−1 GA3. Regarding in vitro root induction, it was found that combining indole-3-butyric acid (IBA) and putrescine is necessary for rhizogenesis. The highest rooting percentage (56.66% in genotype ‘R’zwa’) was observed on MS medium supplemented with 1.5 mg L−1 IBA and 160 mg L−1 putrescine, with an average number of 2.74 roots per shoot and an average root length of 1.93 cm. The regenerated plantlets were successfully acclimatized and showed normal growth and development.


Adventitious shoot buds, Argania spinosa (L.) Skeels, Germination, In vitro rooting, Micropropagation, Organogenesis


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Acknowledgements

The authors thank the Moroccan National Institute of Agronomic Research (INRA) for the financial support.


Author Information

Amghar Ilham
Institut National de la Recherche Agronomique, CRRA-Rabat, UR Biotechnologie, Rabat, Morocco