Keywords:
Adaptation,
Aerva lanata
, Leaf micro-morphology, Micropropagation, Stomata
The present report elucidates the foliar micro-morphological adaptation mechanism of micropropagated plantlets of Aerva lanata. The in vitro induced anomalies in the leaves were repaired through gradual hardening and acclimatization processes in a greenhouse. The epidermal tissues of in vitro grown leaves significantly differed from the field transferred plants in terms of architecture and undulations of anticlinal walls. Amphistomatic leaves with anomocytic stomata were observed with the in vitro cultured and field transferred plants, but the stomata were significantly different in their morphology, size, and spatial distribution. The in vitro leaves possessed high stomatal density (59.4) and stomatal index (28.9), but a significant decrease in stomatal density (48.7) and stomatal index (26.3) were observed in the field established plants. Vein density, vein-islets, and vein-let terminations of the leaves were increased from in vitro to field environments. The trichomes of in vitro leaves were multicellular, uniseriate, and underdeveloped which attained gradual maturity when transferred to the field. The calcium oxalate rosette crystals were unorganized, underdeveloped, and varied in size with the in vitro leaves; these were organized, completely developed, and morphologically uniform in acclimatized leaves. The study revealed that the gradual changes in foliar micro-morphological parameters such as stomatal apparatus, trichomes, crystals, and vein density from in vitro to in vivo conditions involved in the repair mechanism of the photosynthetic organs could increase the survival chances of micropropagated plantlets in the field.
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Authors are grateful to the Science and Engineering Research Board, Department of Science and Technology and National Medicinal Plants Board, Ministry of AYUSH, Government of India for providing financial support to their laboratory under the EMR Scheme Grant no. EMR/2016/007795 and NMPB/IFD/GIA/NR/PL/2018-19/187 respectively.